vascular plant

/ˌvæskjələr plænt/

Other forms: vascular plants

Definitions of vascular plant

1. noun

   green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
   synonyms: tracheophyte

   types:

   nonflowering plant, pteridophyte

   plants having vascular tissue and reproducing by spores

   phanerogam, seed plant, spermatophyte

   plant that reproduces by means of seeds not spores

   herb, herbaceous plant

   a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

   halophyte

   plant growing naturally in very salty soil

   succulent

   a plant adapted to arid conditions and characterized by fleshy water-storing tissues that act as water reservoirs

   cultivar

   a variety of a plant developed from a natural species and maintained under cultivation

   cultivated plant

   plants that are grown for their produce

   weed

   any plant that crowds out cultivated plants

   evergreen, evergreen plant

   a plant having foliage that persists and remains green throughout the year

   deciduous plant

   a plant having foliage that is shed annually at the end of the growing season

   vine

   a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

   creeper

   any plant (as ivy or periwinkle) that grows by creeping

   ligneous plant, woody plant

   a plant having hard lignified tissues or woody parts especially stems

   geophyte

   a perennial plant that propagates by underground bulbs or tubers or corms

   desert plant, xerophile, xerophilous plant, xerophyte, xerophytic plant

   plant adapted for life with a limited supply of water; compare hydrophyte and mesophyte

   mesophyte, mesophytic plant

   land plant growing in surroundings having an average supply of water; compare xerophyte and hydrophyte

   aquatic plant, hydrophyte, hydrophytic plant, water plant

   a plant that grows partly or wholly in water whether rooted in the mud, as a lotus, or floating without anchorage, as the water hyacinth

   tuberous plant

   plant growing from a tuber

   bulbous plant

   plant growing from a bulb

   cormous plant

   plant growing from a corm

   psilophyte

   any plant of the order Psilophytales: a savannah plant

   psilophyton

   any plant or fossil of the genus Psilophyton

   semi-climber

   a plant that tends to climb and on occasion can grow like a vine

   fern

   any of numerous flowerless and seedless vascular plants having true roots from a rhizome and fronds that uncurl upward; reproduce by spores

   fern ally

   pteridophytes of other classes than Filicopsida

   seedling

   young plant or tree grown from a seed

   balsam

   any seed plant yielding balsam

   gymnosperm

   plants of the class Gymnospermae having seeds not enclosed in an ovary

   angiosperm, flowering plant

   plants having seeds in a closed ovary

   Epimedium grandiflorum, barrenwort, bishop's hat

   slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover

   May apple, Podophyllum peltatum, mayapple, wild mandrake

   North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit

   hornwort

   any aquatic plant of the genus Ceratophyllum; forms submerged masses in ponds and slow-flowing streams

   moonseed

   plant of the family Menispermaceae having red or black fruit with crescent- or ring-shaped seeds

   water lily

   an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae

   butter-flower, buttercup, butterflower, crowfoot, goldcup, kingcup

   any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus

   Ranunculus aquatilis, water buttercup, water crowfoot

   plant of ponds and slow streams having submerged and floating leaves and white flowers; Europe and North America

   bugbane

   a plant of the genus Cimicifuga having flowers in long racemes or panicles reported to be distasteful to insects

   clematis

   any of various ornamental climbing plants of the genus Clematis usually having showy flowers

   Coptis groenlandica, Coptis trifolia groenlandica, golden thread, goldthread

   low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers

   Eranthis hyemalis, winter aconite

   small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone

   hepatica, liverleaf

   any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having three-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions

   Hydrastis Canadensis, golden seal, goldenseal, turmeric root, yellow root

   perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves

   Isopyrum biternatum, false rue, false rue anemone

   slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue

   Laccopetalum giganteum, giant buttercup

   spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus

   Trautvetteria carolinensis, false bugbane

   tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers

   globe flower, globeflower

   any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers

   legume, leguminous plant

   an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae

   melilot, melilotus, sweet clover

   erect annual or biennial plant grown extensively especially for hay and soil improvement

   clover, trefoil

   a plant of the genus Trifolium

   allamanda

   a plant of the genus Allamanda having large showy funnel-shaped flowers in terminal cymes

   Beaumontia grandiflora, Easter lily vine, Nepal trumpet flower

   evergreen woody twiner with large glossy leaves and showy corymbs of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers

   Cape periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, Madagascar periwinkle, Vinca rosea, cayenne jasmine, old maid, periwinkle, red periwinkle, rose periwinkle

   commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers

   Trachelospermum jasminoides, confederate jasmine, star jasmine

   evergreen Chinese woody climber with shiny dark green leaves and intensely fragrant white flowers

   aroid, arum

   any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe

   cryptocoryne, water trumpet

   any plant of the genus Cryptocoryne; evergreen perennials growing in fresh or brackish water; tropical Asia

   Orontium aquaticum, golden club

   aquatic plant of the southeastern United States having blue-green leaves and a spadix resembling a club covered with tiny yellow flowers

   arrow arum

   an aquatic plant of the genus Peltandra; North America

   Pistia stratiotes, Pistia stratoites, pistia, water cabbage, water lettuce

   pantropical floating plant forming a rosette of wedge-shaped leaves; a widespread weed in rivers and lakes

   duckweed

   any small or minute aquatic plant of the family Lemnaceae that float on or near the surface of shallow ponds

   aralia

   any of various plants of the genus Aralia; often aromatic plants having compound leaves and small umbellate flowers

   English ivy, Hedera helix, common ivy, ivy

   Old World vine with lobed evergreen leaves and black berrylike fruits

   Panax ginseng, Panax pseudoginseng, Panax schinseng, ginseng, nin-sin

   Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers

   American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, sang

   North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

   Aristolochia clematitis, birthwort

   creeping plant having curving flowers thought to resemble fetuses; native to Europe; naturalized Great Britain and eastern North America

   wild ginger

   low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes

   Asarum shuttleworthii, heart-leaf, heartleaf

   wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama

   caryophyllaceous plant

   a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae

   Agrostemma githago, corn campion, corn cockle, crown-of-the-field

   European annual having large trumpet-shaped reddish-purple flowers and poisonous seed; a common weed in grainfields and beside roadways; naturalized in America

   chickweed, clammy chickweed, mouse ear, mouse eared chickweed, mouse-ear chickweed

   any of various plants related to the common chickweed

   drypis

   spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers

   Illecebrum verticullatum, coral necklace

   glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas

   Scleranthus annuus, knawe, knawel

   widely distributed low-growing Eurasian herb having narrow leaves and inconspicuous green flowers

   Spergula arvensis, corn spurrey, corn spurry

   small European weed with whorled leaves and white flowers

   Spergularia rubra, sand spurry, sea spurry

   prostrate weedy herb with tiny pink flowers; widespread throughout Europe and Asia on sand dunes and heath and coastal cliffs; naturalized in eastern North America

   chickweed

   any of various plants of the genus Stellaria

   Carpobrotus edulis, Hottentot fig, Hottentot's fig, Mesembryanthemum edule, sour fig

   low-growing South African succulent plant having a capsular fruit containing edible pulp

   Dorotheanthus bellidiformis, livingstone daisy

   low-growing showy succulent annual of South Africa having white or pink or red or orange flowers and spatulate leaves covered in papillae that resemble small crystals

   flowering stone, lithops, living stone, stone life face, stone plant, stone-face, stoneface

   any plant of the genus Lithops native to Africa having solitary yellow or white flowers and thick leaves that resemble stones

   Indian chickweed, Molluga verticillata, carpetweed

   annual prostrate mat-forming weed having whorled leaves and small greenish-white flowers; widespread throughout North America

   living granite, living rock, stone mimicry plant

   highly succulent stemless clump-forming plants with grey-green leaves similar in texture to lumps of granite; South Africa

   New Zealand spinach, Tetragonia expansa, Tetragonia tetragonioides

   coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves

   amaranth

   any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food

   Amaranthus spinosus, thorny amaranth

   erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes

   Alternanthera philoxeroides, alligator grass, alligator weed

   prolific South American aquatic weed having grasslike leaves and short spikes of white flowers; clogs waterways with dense floating masses

   Celosia argentea, red fox

   weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers

   Celosia argentea cristata, Celosia cristata, cockscomb, common cockscomb

   garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers

   cottonweed

   any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers

   goosefoot

   any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers

   orach, orache

   any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes

   Halogeton glomeratus, halogeton

   a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content

   Halogeton souda, barilla

   Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate

   Salicornia europaea, glasswort, samphire

   fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass

   bougainvillea

   any of several South American ornamental woody vines of the genus Bougainvillea having brilliant red or purple flower bracts; widely grown in warm regions

   cactus

   any succulent plant of the family Cactaceae native chiefly to arid regions of the New World and usually having spines

   Barbados gooseberry, Barbados-gooseberry vine, Pereskia aculeata

   West Indian woody climber with spiny stems and numerous fragrant white flowers in panicles followed by small yellow to orange fruits

   pokeweed

   perennial of the genus Phytolacca

   purslane

   a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas

   rock purslane

   a plant of the genus Calandrinia

   Indian lettuce

   a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves

   cleome, spiderflower

   any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers

   Polanisia dodecandra, Polanisia graveolens, clammyweed

   strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs

   crucifer, cruciferous plant

   any of various plants of the family Cruciferae

   stone cress, stonecress

   any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats

   Armoracia rusticana, horse radish, horseradish, red cole

   coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root

   Barbarea vulgaris, Sisymbrium barbarea, rockcress, rocket cress, yellow rocket

   noxious cress with yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium

   Berteroa incana, hoary alison, hoary alyssum

   tall European annual with downy grey-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed

   Cakile maritima, sea-rocket

   salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy grey-green foliage

   Crambe maritima, sea cole, sea kale

   perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs

   Descurainia pinnata, tansy mustard

   North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy

   Diplotaxis muralis, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, wall rocket

   yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America

   Diplotaxis erucoides, white rocket

   from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe

   draba

   any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique

   Eruca sativa, Eruca vesicaria sativa, arugula, garden rocket, rocket, rocket salad, roquette

   any of several edible, leafy green plants of the mustard family, such as arugula, with a peppery or bitter taste

   Erysimum cheiranthoides, wormseed mustard

   slender yellow-flowered European mustard often troublesome as a weed; formerly used as an anthelmintic

   Hugueninia tanacetifolia, Sisymbrium tanacetifolia, tansy-leaved rocket

   perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium

   woad

   any of several herbs of the genus Isatis

   bladderpod

   any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods

   Lunaria annua, honesty, money plant, satin flower, satinpod, silver dollar

   southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration

   bladderpod

   any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods

   Lepidium alpina, Pritzelago alpina, chamois cress

   small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium

   Raphanus raphanistrum, jointed charlock, runch, wild radish, wild rape

   Eurasian weed having yellow or mauve or white flowers and podlike fruits

   Sisymbrium officinale, hedge mustard

   stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally

   Subularia aquatica, awlwort

   small aquatic plant having tufted awl-shaped leaves in a basal rosette and minute white flowers; circumboreal

   pennycress

   any of several plants of the genus Thlaspi

   fringepod, lacepod

   annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles

   bladderpod

   annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella

   wasabi

   a Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root

   argemone, devil's fig, prickly poppy, white thistle

   any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America

   Corydalis claviculata, Fumaria claviculata, climbing corydalis

   annual vine with decompound leaves and racemes of yellow and pink flowers

   Sanguinaria canadensis, bloodroot, puccoon, redroot, tetterwort

   perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leaf and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant

   Fumaria officinalis, fumeroot, fumewort, fumitory

   delicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally

   Adlumia fungosa, Allegheny vine, Fumaria fungosa, climbing fumitory

   vine with feathery leaves and white or pinkish flowers; sometimes placed in genus Fumaria

   Dicentra spectabilis, bleeding heart, lyre-flower, lyreflower

   garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers

   Dicentra cucullaria, Dutchman's breeches

   delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having white flowers with double spurs

   Dicentra canadensis, squirrel corn

   American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn

   achillea

   any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads

   Ageratina altissima, Eupatorium rugosum, white sanicle, white snakeroot

   American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

   ambrosia, bitterweed, ragweed

   any of numerous chiefly North American weedy plants constituting the genus Ambrosia that produce highly allergenic pollen responsible for much hay fever and asthma

   Anacyclus pyrethrum, pellitory, pellitory-of-Spain

   a small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache

   andryala

   any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers

   Antennaria plantaginifolia, ladies' tobacco, lady's tobacco

   North American perennial propagated by means of runners

   Antennaria dioica, cat's feet, cat's foot, pussytoes

   low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers

   arnica

   any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica

   Arnoseris minima, dwarf nipplewort, lamb succory

   small European herb with small yellow flowers

   Ayapana triplinervis, Eupatorium aya-pana, ayapana

   low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

   balsamroot

   a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots

   Indian plantain

   any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain

   thistle

   any of numerous plants of the family Compositae and especially of the genera Carduus and Cirsium and Onopordum having prickly-edged leaves

   Carthamus tinctorius, false saffron, safflower

   thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil

   Barnaby's thistle, Centaurea solstitialis, yellow star-thistle

   European weed having a winged stem and hairy leaves; adventive in the eastern United States

   Anthemis nobilis, Chamaemelum nobilis, camomile, chamomile

   Eurasian plant with apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis

   chaenactis

   any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers

   Cichorium intybus, chicory, chicory plant, succory

   perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads

   Cichorium endivia, endive, witloof

   widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched

   Canadian fleabane, Conyza canadensis, Erigeron canadensis, fleabane, horseweed

   common North American weed with linear leaves and small discoid heads of yellowish flowers; widely naturalized throughout temperate regions; sometimes placed in genus Erigeron

   coreopsis, tick-weed, tickseed, tickweed

   any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America

   Delairea odorata, German ivy, Senecio milkanioides

   South African succulent evergreen twining climber with yellow flowers grown primarily as a houseplant for its foliage; sometimes placed in genus Senecio

   leopard's-bane, leopardbane

   any of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads

   globe thistle

   any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers

   elephant's-foot

   any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America

   Cacalia javanica, Cacalia lutea, Emilia coccinea, Emilia flammea, Emilia javanica, tassel flower

   tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia

   Emilia sagitta, tassel flower

   tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers

   Erechtites hieracifolia, fireweed

   an American weedy plant with small white or greenish flowers

   Eupatorium cannabinum, hemp agrimony

   coarse European herb with palmately divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads

   Eupatorium capillifolium, dog fennel

   weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers

   Eupatorium maculatum, Joe-Pye weed, spotted Joe-Pye weed

   North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads

   Eupatorium perfoliatum, agueweed, boneset, thoroughwort

   perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine

   Eupatorium purpureum, Joe-Pye weed, marsh milkweed, purple boneset, trumpet weed

   North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple

   gum plant, gumweed, rosinweed, tarweed

   any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock

   Haastia pulvinaris, sheep plant, vegetable sheep

   cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs

   sneezeweed

   any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing

   hawkweed

   any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion

   Hieracium praealtum, king devil, yellow hawkweed

   European hawkweed introduced into northeastern United States; locally troublesome weeds

   Homogyne alpina, Tussilago alpina, alpine coltsfoot

   rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago

   California dandelion, Hypochaeris radicata, capeweed, cat's-ear, gosmore

   European weed widely naturalized in North America having yellow flower heads and leaves resembling a cat's ears

   inula

   any plant of the genus Inula

   krigia

   any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia

   lettuce

   any of various plants of the genus Lactuca

   leopard plant

   any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage

   tarweed

   any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America

   German chamomile, Matricaria chamomilla, Matricaria recutita, sweet false chamomile, wild chamomile

   annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior

   Matricaria matricarioides, pineapple weed, rayless chamomile

   annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States and northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers

   Mikania scandens, climbing boneset, climbing hemp-vine, climbing hempweed, wild climbing hempweed

   herb of tropical America having vanilla-scented flowers; climbs up trees

   rattlesnake root

   a plant of the genus Nabalus

   Nabalus serpentarius, Prenanthes serpentaria, gall of the earth, lion's foot

   common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes

   butterweed

   any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packera; often placed in genus Senecio

   Packera aurea, Senecio aureus, golden groundsel, golden ragwort

   weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio

   Parthenium hysterophorus, bastard feverfew

   tropical American annual weed with small radiate heads of white flowers; adventive in southern United States

   Petasites hybridus, Petasites vulgaris, bog rhubarb, butterbur

   small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas

   Petasites fragrans, sweet coltsfoot, winter heliotrope

   European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers

   Petasites sagitattus, sweet coltsfoot

   American sweet-scented herb

   Picris echioides, bitterweed, bristly oxtongue, bugloss, oxtongue

   widespread European weed with spiny tongue-shaped leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in United States

   hawkweed

   any of various plants of the genus Pilosella

   Hieracium aurantiacum, Pilosella aurantiaca, orange hawkweed

   European hawkweed having flower heads with bright orange-red rays; a troublesome weed especially as naturalized in northeastern North America; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium

   stevia

   any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia

   Prenanthes purpurea, rattlesnake root

   herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets

   Pteropogon humboltianum, pteropogon

   southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit

   Pulicaria dysenterica, feabane mullet, fleabane

   hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas

   Raoulia australis, Raoulia lutescens, sheep plant, vegetable sheep

   perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage

   Sanvitalia procumbens, creeping zinnia

   low-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala

   Saussurea costus, Saussurea lappa, costusroot

   annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs

   Senecio doublasii, threadleaf groundsel

   bluish-green bushy leafy plant covered with close white wool and bearing branched clusters of yellow flower heads; southwestern United States; toxic to range livestock

   Senecio jacobaea, benweed, ragweed, ragwort, tansy ragwort

   widespread European weed having yellow daisylike flowers; sometimes an obnoxious weed and toxic to cattle if consumed in quantity

   Senecio vulgaris, groundsel

   Eurasian weed with heads of small yellow flowers

   Scorzonera hispanica, black salsify, scorzonera, viper's grass

   perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black edible roots shaped like carrots

   Serratula tinctoria, sawwort

   European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye

   Our Lady's mild thistle, Silybum marianum, blessed thistle, holy thistle, lady's thistle, milk thistle

   tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America

   stevia

   any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America

   Chrysanthemum balsamita, Tanacetum balsamita, alecost, balsam herb, bible leaf, costmary, mint geranium

   tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

   Tanacetum camphoratum, camphor dune tansy

   densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area

   Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Dalmatia pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, Tanacetum cinerariifolium, pyrethrum

   white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

   Chrysanthemum parthenium, Tanacetum parthenium, feverfew

   bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

   blowball, dandelion

   any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls

   Tragopogon porrifolius, oyster plant, salsify, vegetable oyster

   Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States

   Trilisa odoratissima, wild vanilla

   perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla

   Matricaria inodorum, Tripleurospermum inodorum, corn mayweed, scentless camomile, scentless false camomile, scentless hayweed, scentless mayweed

   ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

   Matricaria oreades, Tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii, turfing daisy

   mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

   Matricaria tchihatchewii, Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii, turfing daisy

   low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

   Tussilago farfara, coltsfoot

   perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly

   ironweed, vernonia

   any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue

   cockle-bur, cockle-burr, cocklebur, cockleburr

   any coarse weed of the genus Xanthium having spiny burrs

   loasa

   any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers

   bellflower, campanula

   any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers

   yam, yam plant

   any of a number of tropical vines of the genus Dioscorea many having edible tuberous roots

   Dioscorea elephantipes, Hottentot bread vine, Hottentot's bread vine, elephant's-foot, tortoise plant

   South African vine having a massive rootstock covered with deeply fissured bark

   Dioscorea paniculata, wild yam

   having a rhizome formerly dried and used to treat rheumatism or liver disorders

   Tamus communis, black bindweed, black bryony

   common European twining vine with tuberous roots and cordate leaves and red berries

   primrose, primula

   any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

   pimpernel

   any of several plants of the genus Anagallis

   Glaux maritima, black saltwort, sea milkwort, sea trifoly

   a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers

   feather-foil, featherfoil

   a plant of the genus Hottonia

   loosestrife

   any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia

   water pimpernel

   a white-flowered aquatic plant of the genus Samolus

   plumbago

   any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago

   graminaceous plant, gramineous plant

   cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and long narrow leaves

   herbage, pasturage

   succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land

   bur reed

   marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit

   gourd, gourd vine

   any vine of the family Cucurbitaceae that bears fruits with hard rinds

   squash, squash vine

   any of numerous annual trailing plants of the genus Cucurbita grown for their fleshy edible fruits

   briony, bryony

   a vine of the genus Bryonia having large leaves and small flowers and yielding acrid juice with emetic and purgative properties

   dishcloth gourd, luffa, rag gourd, sponge gourd, strainer vine

   any of several tropical annual climbers having large yellow flowers and edible young fruits; grown commercially for the mature fruit's dried fibrous interior that is used as a sponge

   lobelia

   any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia

   Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus esculentus, gumbo, lady's-finger, okra, okra plant

   tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus

   vegetable

   any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower

   simple

   any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties

   Galax urceolata, beetleweed, coltsfoot, galax, galaxy, wandflower

   tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall

   pyrola, wintergreen

   any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola

   pipsissewa, prince's pine

   any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila

   Moneses uniflora, Pyrola uniflora, one-flowered pyrola, one-flowered wintergreen

   delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola

   American columbo, American gentian, columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plant

   any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington

   Frasera speciosa, Swertia speciosa, green gentian

   tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia

   Swertia perennia, marsh felwort

   perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers

   bloodwort

   any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter

   Anigozanthus manglesii, Australian sword lily, kangaroo paw, kangaroo's paw, kangaroo's-foot, kangaroo-foot plant

   sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia

   combretum

   any of numerous shrubs or small trees of the genus Combretum having spikes of small flowers

   water milfoil

   an aquatic plant of the genus Myriophyllum having feathery underwater leaves and small inconspicuous flowers

   willowherb

   a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs

   evening primrose

   any of several plants of the family Onagraceae

   caltrop, water chestnut, water chestnut plant

   a plant of the genus Trapa bearing spiny four-pronged edible nutlike fruits

   canna

   any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers

   maranta

   any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves

   banana, banana tree

   any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits

   Abyssinian banana, Ensete ventricosum, Ethiopian banana, Musa ensete

   large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa

   Strelitzia reginae, bird of paradise

   ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird

   Ravenala madagascariensis, ravenala, traveler's tree, traveller's tree

   giant treelike plant having edible nuts and leafstalks that yield a refreshing drink of clear watery sap; reputedly an emergency source of water for travelers

   ginger

   perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems

   Curcuma domestica, Curcuma longa, turmeric

   widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye

   Aframomum melegueta, Guinea grains, Guinea pepper, grains of paradise, melagueta pepper

   West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds

   Elettaria cardamomum, cardamom, cardamon

   rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning

   Actinidia arguta, bower actinidia, tara vine

   climbing Asiatic vine having long finely serrate leaves and racemes of white flowers followed by greenish-yellow edible fruit

   Actinidia chinensis, Actinidia deliciosa, Chinese gooseberry, kiwi, kiwi vine

   climbing vine native to China; cultivated in New Zealand for its fuzzy edible fruit with green meat

   Actinidia polygama, silver vine, silvervine

   ornamental vine of eastern Asia having yellow edible fruit and leaves with silver-white markings

   passionflower, passionflower vine

   any of various chiefly tropical American vines some bearing edible fruit

   reseda

   any plant of the genus Reseda

   viola

   any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola

   nettle

   any of numerous plants having stinging hairs that cause skin irritation on contact (especially of the genus Urtica or family Urticaceae)

   bog hemp, false nettle

   any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs

   Parietaria difussa, pellitory, pellitory-of-the-wall, wall pellitory

   herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers

   Pipturus argenteus, Queensland grass-cloth plant

   Australian plant of genus Pipturus whose fiber is used in making cloth

   hop, hops

   twining perennials having cordate leaves and flowers arranged in conelike spikes; the dried flowers of this plant are used in brewing to add the characteristic bitter taste to beer

   iridaceous plant

   any bulbous plant of the family Iridaceae

   amaryllis

   bulbous plant having showy white to reddish flowers

   Bomarea edulis, salsilla

   tropical vine having pink-and-yellow flowers spotted purple and edible roots sometimes boiled as a potato substitute; West Indies to northern South America

   Bomarea salsilla, salsilla

   tropical vine having umbels of small purple flowers and edible roots sometimes boiled as a potato substitute; Colombia

   blood lily

   any of various deciduous or evergreen herbs of the genus Haemanthus; South Africa and Namibia

   narcissus

   bulbous plant having erect linear leaves and showy yellow or white flowers either solitary or in clusters

   star grass

   any plant of the genus Hypoxis having long grasslike leaves and yellow star-shaped flowers: Africa; Australia; southern Asia; North America

   liliaceous plant

   plant growing from a bulb or corm or rhizome or tuber

   aloe

   succulent plants having rosettes of leaves usually with fiber like hemp and spikes of showy flowers; found chiefly in Africa

   flame flower, flame-flower, flameflower, kniphofia, tritoma

   a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers

   Asparagus officinales, asparagus, edible asparagus

   plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable

   Asparagus plumosus, Asparagus setaceous, asparagus fern

   a fernlike plant native to South Africa

   Asparagus asparagoides, smilax

   fragile twining plant of South Africa with bright green flattened stems and glossy foliage popular as a floral decoration

   Aspidistra elatio, aspidistra, bar-room plant, cast-iron plant

   evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant

   Bowiea volubilis, climbing onion

   much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large aboveground bulbs

   checkered lily, fritillary

   any liliaceous plant of the genus Fritillaria having nodding variously colored flowers

   Colchicum autumnale, autumn crocus, meadow saffron, naked lady

   bulbous autumn-flowering herb with white, purple or lavender-and-white flowers; native to western and central Europe

   day lily, plantain lily

   any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover

   star-of-Bethlehem

   any of several perennial plants of the genus Ornithogalum native to the Mediterranean and having star-shaped flowers

   Paris quadrifolia, herb Paris

   European herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous

   sarsaparilla

   any of various prickly climbing plants of the tropical American genus Smilax having aromatic roots and heart-shaped leaves

   Smilax rotundifolia, briar, brier, bullbrier, catbrier, greenbrier, horse brier, horse-brier

   a very prickly woody vine of the eastern United States growing in tangled masses having tough round stems with shiny leathery leaves and small greenish flowers followed by clusters of inedible shiny black berries

   Indian arrowroot, Tacca leontopetaloides, Tacca pinnatifida, pia

   perennial herb of East Indies to Polynesia and Australia; cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch

   American aloe, agave, century plant

   any of several tropical American plants with fibrous, sword-shaped leaves that grow outward from the ground and flowers that grow on tall stalks

   Menyanthes trifoliata, bog myrtle, bogbean, buckbean, marsh trefoil, water shamrock

   perennial plant of Europe and America having racemes of white or purplish flowers and intensely bitter trifoliate leaves; often rooting at water margin and spreading across the surface

   Carolina jasmine, Gelsemium sempervirens, evening trumpet flower, yellow jasmine, yellow jessamine

   poisonous woody evergreen vine of southeastern United States having fragrant yellow funnel-shaped flowers

   flax

   plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem

   Physostigma venenosum, calabar-bean vine

   tropical African woody vine yielding calabar beans

   Cassia marilandica, Senna marilandica, wild senna

   North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

   Amphicarpa bracteata, Amphicarpaea bracteata, hog peanut, wild peanut

   vine widely distributed in eastern North America producing racemes of purple to maroon flowers and abundant (usually subterranean) edible one-seeded pods resembling peanuts

   Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch

   perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders

   Apios americana, Apios tuberosa, Indian potato, groundnut, groundnut vine, potato bean, wild bean

   a North American vine with fragrant blossoms and edible tubers; important food crop of Native Americans

   milk vetch, milk-vetch

   any of various plants of the genus Astragalus

   false indigo, wild indigo

   any of several plants of the genus Baptisia

   Canavalia ensiformis, giant stock bean, jack bean, wonder bean

   annual semi-erect bushy plant of tropical South America bearing long pods with white seeds grown especially for forage

   Canavalia gladiata, sword bean

   twining tropical Old World plant bearing long pods usually with red or brown beans; long cultivated in Orient for food

   Centrosema virginianum, butterfly pea

   large-flowered weakly twining or prostrate vine of New Jersey to tropical eastern North America, sometimes cultivated for its purple and white flowers

   Clitoria mariana, butterfly pea

   large-flowered wild twining vine of southeastern and central United States having pale blue flowers

   Clitoria turnatea, blue pea, butterfly pea

   vine of tropical Asia having pinnate leaves and bright blue flowers with yellow centers

   crotalaria, rattlebox

   any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops

   Derris elliptica, derris root, tuba root

   woody vine having bright green leaves and racemes of rose-tinted white flowers; the swollen roots contain rotenone

   Desmanthus ilinoensis, prairie mimosa, prickle-weed

   perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers

   Australian pea, Dipogon lignosus, Dolichos lignosus

   South African evergreen partly woody vine grown for its clusters of rosy purple flowers followed by edible pods like snap beans; also grown as green manure; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos

   Galega officinalis, goat rue, goat's rue

   tall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally

   Glycyrrhiza glabra, licorice, liquorice

   deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots

   American licorice, American liquorice, Glycyrrhiza lepidota, wild licorice, wild liquorice

   North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties

   Hardenbergia comnptoniana, Western Australia coral pea

   vigorous climber of the forests of western Australia; grown for their dense racemes of attractive bright rose-purple flowers

   coral pea

   any of various Australian climbing plants of the genus Kennedia having scarlet flowers

   Dolichos lablab, Egyptian bean, Indian bean, Lablab purpureus, bonavist, hyacinth bean

   perennial twining vine of Old World tropics having trifoliate leaves and racemes of fragrant purple pea-like flowers followed by maroon pods of edible seeds; grown as an ornamental and as a vegetable on the Indian subcontinent; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos

   vetchling

   any of various small plants of the genus Lathyrus; climb usually by means of tendrils

   everlasting pea

   any of several perennial vines of the genus Lathyrus

   Lathyrus odoratus, sweet pea, sweetpea

   climbing garden plant having fragrant pastel-colored flowers

   Lathyrus tuberosus, earth-nut pea, earthnut pea, heath pea, tuberous vetch

   European herb bearing small tubers used for food and in Scotland to flavor whiskey

   bush clover, lespedeza

   shrubby or herbaceous plants widely used for forage, soil improvement, and especially hay in southern United States

   Lotus tetragonolobus, asparagus pea, winged pea

   sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod

   lupin, lupine

   any plant of the genus Lupinus; bearing erect spikes of usually purplish-blue flowers

   medic, medick, trefoil

   any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves

   Onobrychis viciaefolia, Onobrychis viciifolia, esparcet, holy clover, sainfoin, sanfoin

   Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain

   tumbleweed

   any plant that breaks away from its roots in autumn and is driven by the wind as a light rolling mass

   Pachyrhizus erosus, yam bean

   Central American twining plant with edible roots and pods; large tubers are eaten raw or cooked especially when young and young pods must be thoroughly cooked; pods and seeds also yield rotenone and oils

   Pachyrhizus tuberosus, potato bean, yam bean

   twining plant of Amazon basin having large edible roots

   Parochetus communis, shamrock pea

   trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers

   Manila bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, goa bean, goa bean vine, winged bean, winged pea

   a tuberous twining annual vine bearing clusters of purplish flowers and pods with four jagged wings; Old World tropics

   Indian breadroot, Psoralea esculenta, breadroot, pomme blanche, pomme de prairie

   densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots

   Pueraria lobata, kudzu, kudzu vine

   fast-growing vine from eastern Asia having tuberous starchy roots and hairy trifoliate leaves and racemes of purple flowers followed by long hairy pods containing many seeds; grown for fodder and forage and root starch; widespread in the southern United States

   bush pea

   any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers

   Trigonella ornithopodioides, bird's foot trefoil

   Old World herb related to fenugreek

   Greek clover, Trigonella foenumgraecum, fenugreek

   annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry

   wistaria, wisteria

   any flowering vine of the genus Wisteria

   plantain

   any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally

   China fleece vine, Polygonum aubertii, Russian vine, silver lace vine

   twining perennial vine having racemes of fragrant greenish flowers; western China to Russia

   Fagopyrum esculentum, Polygonum fagopyrum, buckwheat

   a member of the genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour

   rhubarb, rhubarb plant

   plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous

   dock, sorrel, sour grass

   any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine

   dayflower, spiderwort

   any plant of the family Commelinaceae

   Ananas comosus, pineapple, pineapple plant

   a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics

   Eriocaulon aquaticum, pipewort

   aquatic perennial of North America and Ireland and Hebrides having translucent green leaves in a basal spiral and dense buttonlike racemes of minute white flowers

   Pontederia cordata, pickerel weed, pickerelweed, wampee

   American plant having spikes of blue flowers and growing in shallow water of streams and ponds

   Eichhornia crassipes, Eichhornia spesiosa, water hyacinth, water orchid

   a tropical floating aquatic plant having spikes of large blue flowers; troublesome in clogging waterways especially in southern United States

   Heteranthera dubia, mud plantain, water star grass

   grassy-leaved North American aquatic plant with yellow star-shaped blossoms

   naiad, water nymph

   submerged aquatic plant having narrow leaves and small flowers; of fresh or brackish water

   Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, frog's-bit, frogbit

   European floating plant with roundish heart-shaped leaves and white flowers

   Hydrilla verticillata, hydrilla

   submersed plant with whorled lanceolate leaves and solitary axillary flowers; Old World plant naturalized in southern United States and clogging Florida's waterways

   American frogbit, Limnodium spongia

   American plant with roundish heart-shaped or kidney-shaped leaves; usually rooted in muddy bottoms of ponds and ditches

   waterweed

   a weedy aquatic plant of genus Elodea

   Vallisneria spiralis, eelgrass, tape grass, wild celery

   submerged aquatic plant with ribbonlike leaves; Old World and Australia

   pondweed

   any of several submerged or floating freshwater perennial aquatic weeds belonging to the family Potamogetonaceae

   Zostera marina, eelgrass, grass wrack, sea wrack

   submerged marine plant with very long narrow leaves found in abundance along North Atlantic coasts

   agrimonia, agrimony

   a plant of the genus Agrimonia having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers

   strawberry

   any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry

   Poterium sanguisorba, burnet bloodwort, pimpernel, salad burnet

   European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads

   bedstraw

   any of several plants of the genus Galium

   Mitchella repens, boxberry, partridgeberry, twinberry

   creeping woody plant of eastern North America with shiny evergreen leaves and scarlet berries

   Triostium perfoliatum, feverroot, horse gentian, tinker's root, wild coffee

   coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers

   teasel, teasle, teazel

   any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts

   Impatiens capensis, celandine, jewelweed, lady's earrings, orange balsam, touch-me-not

   North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil

   geranium

   any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae

   water starwort

   any of several aquatic plants having a star-shaped rosette of floating leaves; America, Europe and Asia

   oxalis, sorrel, wood sorrel

   any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis

   Ruta graveolens, herb of grace, rue

   European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy

   Dictamnus alba, burning bush, dittany, fraxinella, gas plant

   Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather

   nasturtium

   any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers

   soapberry vine

   tendril-climbing vine

   American bittersweet, Celastrus scandens, bittersweet, climbing bittersweet, false bittersweet, shrubby bittersweet, staff vine, waxwork

   twining shrub of North America having yellow capsules enclosing scarlet seeds

   Celastric articulatus, Celastrus orbiculatus, Japan bittersweet, Japanese bittersweet, oriental bittersweet

   ornamental Asiatic vine with showy orange-yellow fruit with a scarlet aril; naturalized in North America

   Euonymus fortunei radicans, Euonymus radicans vegetus, evergreen bittersweet

   broad and bushy Asiatic twining shrub with pinkish fruit; many subspecies or varieties

   carnivorous plant

   plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals

   Australian pitcher plant, Cephalotus follicularis

   a carnivorous perennial herb having a green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia

   sedum

   any of various plants of the genus Sedum

   breakstone, rockfoil, saxifrage

   any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga

   astilbe

   any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers

   bergenia

   any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms

   golden saxifrage, golden spleen

   any of various low aquatic herbs of the genus Chrysosplenium

   Darmera peltata, Indian rhubarb, Peltiphyllum peltatum, umbrella plant

   rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the Sierra Nevada in California

   alumbloom, alumroot

   any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera

   bishop's cap, miterwort, mitrewort

   any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter

   suksdorfia

   any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles

   Tiarella cordifolia, coolwart, false miterwort, false mitrewort, foamflower

   stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant

   Tolmiea menziesii, pickaback plant, piggyback plant, youth-on-age

   vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk

   polemonium

   any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to Arctic regions

   phlox

   any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers

   acanthus

   any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

   Thunbergia alata, black-eyed Susan, black-eyed Susan vine

   tropical African climbing plant having yellow flowers with a dark purple center

   bignoniad

   any woody plant of the family Bignoniaceae

   Bignonia capreolata, cross vine, quarter-vine, quartervine, trumpet flower

   woody flowering vine of southern United States; stems show a cross in transverse section

   Borago officinalis, borage, tailwort

   hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach

   Amsinckia intermedia, common amsinckia

   annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers

   Amsinckia grandiflora, large-flowered fiddleneck

   annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species

   anchusa

   any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers

   Chinese forget-me-not, Cynoglossum amabile

   biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers

   Cynoglossum officinale, hound's-tongue

   biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers

   Cynoglossum virginaticum, hound's-tongue

   perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers

   Echium vulgare, blue devil, blue thistle, blueweed, viper's bugloss

   a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States

   stickweed

   any of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing

   Lithospermum officinale, gromwell

   European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands

   Lithospermum caroliniense, puccoon

   perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment

   Indian paint, Lithospermum canescens, hoary puccoon

   perennial North American plant with greyish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment

   Mertensia virginica, Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip

   smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud

   Myosotis sylvatica, garden forget-me-not

   small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers

   Myosotis scorpiodes, forget-me-not, mouse ear

   small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers

   false gromwell

   any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers

   comfrey, cumfrey

   perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas

   convolvulus

   any of numerous plants of the genus Convolvulus

   bindweed

   any of several vines of the genera Convolvulus and Calystegia having a twining habit

   silverweed

   any of various twining shrubs of the genus Argyreia having silvery leaves and showy purple flowers

   dodder

   a leafless annual parasitic vine of the genus Cuscuta having whitish or yellow filamentous stems; obtain nourishment through haustoria

   Dichondra micrantha, dichondra

   a creeping perennial herb with hairy stems and orbicular to reniform leaves and small white to greenish flowers; used as a grass substitute in warm regions

   morning glory

   any of various twining vines having funnel-shaped flowers that close late in the day

   gesneriad

   any of numerous tropical or subtropical small shrubs or treelets or epiphytic vines of the family Gesneriaceae: African violet; Cape primroses; gloxinia

   gesneria

   any plant of the genus Gesneria

   waterleaf

   any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum

   California yellow bells, Emmanthe penduliflora, whispering bells, yellow bells

   viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers

   nemophila

   any plant of the genus Nemophila

   Nemophila menziesii, baby blue-eyes

   delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots

   Nemophila aurita, Pholistoma auritum, fiesta flower

   straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila

   Acinos arvensis, Satureja acinos, basil balm, basil thyme, mother of thyme

   fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America

   giant hyssop

   any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache

   bugle, bugleweed

   any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover

   Ballota nigra, black archangel, black horehound, fetid horehound, stinking horehound

   ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers

   wood mint

   American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers

   calamint

   perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America

   Clinopodium vulgare, Satureja vulgaris, cushion calamint, wild basil

   aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia

   Collinsonia canadensis, horse balm, horseweed, richweed, stone root, stone-root, stoneroot

   erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States

   coleus, flame nettle

   any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers

   Dracocephalum parviflorum, dragon's head, dragonhead

   American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of blue to violet flowers

   elsholtzia

   any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes

   Galeopsis tetrahit, dead nettle, hemp nettle

   coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States

   Glechoma hederaceae, Nepeta hederaceae, alehoof, field balm, gill-over-the-ground, ground ivy, runaway robin

   trailing European aromatic plant of the mint family having rounded leaves and small purplish flowers often grown in hanging baskets; naturalized in North America; sometimes placed in genus Nepeta

   American pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides, pennyroyal

   erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine

   Hyssopus officinalis, hyssop

   a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil

   dead nettle

   any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips

   Cape dagga, Leonotis leonurus, dagga, red dagga, wilde dagga

   relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco

   Leonotis nepetaefolia, Leonotis nepetifolia, lion's-ear

   pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States

   Leonurus cardiaca, motherwort

   bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers

   Lycopus virginicus, bugleweed

   a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States

   Lycopus americanus, water horehound

   aromatic perennial herb of United States

   Lycopus europaeus, gipsywort, gypsywort

   hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers

   origanum

   any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings

   horehound

   any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium

   Melissa officinalis, bee balm, beebalm, garden balm, lemon balm, sweet balm

   bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America

   mint

   any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers

   Micromeria chamissonis, Micromeria douglasii, Satureja douglasii, yerba buena

   trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally

   Micromeria juliana, savory

   dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions

   Molucella laevis, bells of Ireland, molucca balm

   aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx

   monarda, wild bergamot

   any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda

   Monardella lanceolata, mustang mint

   fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers

   Nepeta cataria, catmint, catnip

   hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats

   basil

   any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum

   Perilla frutescens crispa, beefsteak plant

   plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage

   physostegia

   any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers

   Prunella vulgaris, heal all, self-heal

   decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America

   mountain mint

   any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California

   Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary

   widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery

   sage, salvia

   any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb

   savory

   any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees

   helmetflower, skullcap

   a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised

   Scutellaria lateriflora, blue pimpernel, blue skullcap, mad-dog skullcap, mad-dog weed

   an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic

   Stachys sylvatica, dead nettle, hedge nettle

   foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome

   Stachys palustris, hedge nettle

   perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere

   thyme

   any of various mints of the genus Thymus

   Martynia annua, martynia

   sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit

   Sesamum indicum, benne, benni, benny, sesame

   East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil

   Proboscidea louisianica, common devil's claw, common unicorn plant, devil's claw, elephant-tusk, proboscis flower, ram's horn

   annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak

   Martynia arenaria, Proboscidea arenaria, sand devil's claw

   alternatively placed in genus Martynia

   Martynia fragrans, Proboscidea fragrans, sweet unicorn plant

   a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea

   figwort

   any of numerous tall coarse woodland plants of the genus Scrophularia

   Aureolaria pedicularia, Gerardia pedicularia, false foxglove

   multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

   Aureolaria virginica, Gerardia virginica, false foxglove

   sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

   digitalis, foxglove

   any of several plants of the genus Digitalis

   flannel leaf, mullein, velvet plant

   any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers

   Veronica anagallis-aquatica, Veronica michauxii, water speedwell

   plant of wet places in Eurasia and America

   nightshade

   any of numerous shrubs or herbs or vines of the genus Solanum; most are poisonous though many bear edible fruit

   Solanum crispum, potato tree

   hardy climbing shrub of Chile grown as an ornamental for its fragrant flowers; not a true potato

   Solanum commersonii, Uruguay potato, Uruguay potato vine

   South American potato vine

   Solanum jamesii, wild potato

   erect or spreading perennial of southwestern United States and Mexico bearing small pale brown to cream-colored tubers resembling potatoes

   Solanum jasmoides, potato vine

   copiously branched vine of Brazil having deciduous leaves and white flowers tinged with blue

   Solanum melongena, aubergine, brinjal, eggplant, eggplant bush, garden egg, mad apple

   hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable

   Solanum tuberosum, potato, white potato, white potato vine

   annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous

   Solanum wendlandii, giant potato creeper, potato vine

   vine of Costa Rica sparsely armed with hooklike spines and having large lilac-blue flowers

   Atropa belladonna, belladonna, belladonna plant, deadly nightshade

   perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine

   Hyoscyamus niger, black henbane, henbane, stinking nightshade

   poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine

   Egyptian henbane, Hyoscyamus muticus

   poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine

   Lycopersicon esculentum, love apple, tomato, tomato plant

   native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties

   Mandragora officinarum, devil's apples, mandrake

   a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers

   Nicandra physaloides, apple of Peru, shoo fly

   coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry

   tobacco, tobacco plant

   aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs

   cupflower, nierembergia

   any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers

   ground cherry, husk tomato

   any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers

   Salpichroa organifolia, Salpichroa rhomboidea, cock's eggs

   weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit

   salpiglossis

   any plant of the genus Salpiglossis

   Scopolia carniolica

   herb that is a source of scopolamine

   Mercurialis annua, boys-and-girls, herb mercury, herbs mercury

   Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic

   Mercurialis perennis, dog mercury, dog's mercury

   European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers

   Cnidoscolus urens, Jatropha stimulosus, Jatropha urens, devil nettle, pica-pica, spurge nettle, tread-softly

   a stinging herb of tropical America

   umbellifer, umbelliferous plant

   any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae

   Anethum graveolens, dill

   aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning

   angelica, angelique

   any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels

   Anthriscus cereifolium, beaked parsley, chervil

   aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads

   Anthriscus sylvestris, cow parsley, wild chervil

   coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America

   Apium graveolens, wild celery

   herb of Europe and temperate Asia

   Apium graveolens dulce, celery, cultivated celery

   widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked

   Apium graveolens rapaceum, celeriac, celery root, knob celery, root celery, turnip-rooted celery

   grown for its thickened edible aromatic root

   astrantia, masterwort

   any plant of the genus Astrantia

   Carum carvi, caraway

   a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed

   Conopodium denudatum, earthnut

   a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts

   Chinese parsley, Coriandrum sativum, cilantro, coriander, coriander plant

   Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley

   Cuminum cyminum, cumin

   dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds

   Daucus carota sativa, carrot, cultivated carrot

   perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions

   Eryngium aquaticum, button snakeroot

   coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master

   fennel

   any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems

   Heracleum sphondylium, cow parsnip, hogweed

   tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers

   Levisticum officinale, lovage

   herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds

   Myrrhis odorata, sweet cicely

   European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers

   Pastinaca sativa, parsnip

   a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root

   madnep, wild parsnip

   biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip

   Petroselinum crispum, parsley

   annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves

   Pimpinella anisum, anise, anise plant

   native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery

   sanicle, snakeroot

   a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers

   moon carrot, stone parsley

   any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage

   Sison amomum, stone parsley

   a slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds

   Alexander, Alexanders, Smyrnium olusatrum, black lovage, horse parsley

   European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

   corn salad

   a plant of the genus Valerianella

   wort

   usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'

   climber

   a vine or climbing plant that readily grows up a support or over other plants

   lignosae

   a category in some early taxonomies

   arborescent plant

   having the shape or characteristics of a tree

   tree

   a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

   bush, shrub

   a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

   bramble

   any of various rough thorny shrubs or vines

   liana

   a woody climbing usually tropical plant

   bog plant, marsh plant, swamp plant

   a semiaquatic plant that grows in soft wet land; most are monocots: sedge, sphagnum, grasses, cattails, etc; possibly heath

   grape, grape vine, grapevine

   any of numerous woody vines of genus Vitis bearing clusters of edible berries

   Boston ivy, Japanese ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata

   Asiatic vine with three-lobed leaves and purple berries

   American ivy, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Virginia creeper, woodbine

   common North American vine with compound leaves and bluish-black berrylike fruit

   pepper vine, true pepper

   any of various shrubby vines of the genus Piper

   peperomia

   any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage

   Anemopsis californica, yerba mansa

   stoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone

   asclepiad

   any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae

   milkweed, silkweed

   any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts

   Araujia sericofera, cruel plant

   robust twining shrub having racemes of fragrant white or pink flowers with flat spreading terminal petals that trap nocturnal moths and hold them until dawn

   hoya

   any plant of the genus Hoya having fleshy leaves and usually nectariferous flowers

   Periploca graeca, silk vine

   deciduous climber for arches and fences having ill-scented but interesting flowers and poisonous yellow fruits; cultivated for its dark shining foliage; southeastern Europe to Asia Minor

   Sarcostemma acidum, haoma, soma

   leafless East Indian vine; its sour milky juice formerly used to make an intoxicating drink

   carrion flower, stapelia, starfish flower

   any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large foul-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers

   Vincetoxicum hirsutum, Vincetoxicum negrum, negro vine

   twining vine with hairy foliage and dark purplish-brown flowers

   type of:

   flora, plant, plant life

   (botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion